Diabetes, chronic diseases and comorbidity

Development of New Technologies and Bioengineering Solutions for the Advancement of Cell Replacement Therapies for Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) (R01 Clinical Trial Optional)

The Autoantigens and Neoantigens Function in the Etiology and Pathophysiology of Type 1 Diabetes (R01 Clinical Trial Optional)

Notice of Special Interest (NOSI): Stimulate Research on the Diagnosis, Treatment, and Mechanistic Understanding of Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (POTS)

Age-related Microbiota Changes and their Implications in Chronic Disease Prevention, Treatment and Progression (R21 Clinical Trial Optional)

Secondary Analyses in Obesity, Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R21 Clinical Trial Not Allowed)

Brain disorders

Mechanism-Focused Research to Promote Adherence to Healthful Behaviors to Prevent Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and Alzheimers Disease and Related Dementias (AD/ADRD) (R01 Clinical Trial Optional)

BRAIN Initiative: Targeted BRAIN Circuits Projects- TargetedBCP (R01 Clinical Trial Not Allowed)

Pilot Projects Investigating Understudied G Protein-Coupled Receptors, Ion Channels, and Protein Kinases (R03 Clinical Trial Not Allowed)

Notice of Special Interest: Research to Advance the Understanding and Management of the Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome in Children (R01, R21)

Notice of Special Interest (NOSI): Deciphering the Mosaic of Glia in the Addicted Brain

Mental Health Research Awards for Investigators Early in their Career in Low and Middle-Income Countries (R01 Clinical Trial Optional)

Notice of Special Interest: Integrative Studies of Neural Mechanisms Underlying Fundamental Affective Processes in Aging

Cellular and Molecular Biology of Complex Brain Disorders (R21 Clinical Trial Not Allowed)

Immunodeficiencies

Notice of Special Interest (NOSI): Investigations on Inborn Errors of Immunity/Primary Immunodeficiencies

Molecular and Genetic Characterization of Inborn Errors of Immunity (R01 Clinical Trial Not Allowed)

Investigations on Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases/Inborn Errors of Immunity (R01 Clinical Trial Not Allowed)

Development of the Fetal Immune System (R01 Clinical Trial Not Allowed)

Infectious diseases, antibiotic resistance and vaccines

Exploratory Data Science Methods and Algorithm Development in Infectious and Immune-mediated Diseases (R21 Clinical Trial Not Allowed)

Notice of Special Interest (NOSI): Secondary Analysis of Existing Datasets for Advancing Immune-mediated and Infectious Disease Research

Basic Research to Inform Vaccine and Therapeutic Development for Non-Polio Human Enteroviruses (NPEV) (R01 Clinical Trial Not Allowed)

Notice of Special Interest (NOSI): Complement in Basic Immunology (CIBI)

Large Research Projects for Combating Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria (CARB) (R01)

Cancer

Notice of Special Interest (NOSI): Understanding the effects of cancer and cancer treatment on aging trajectories and aging outcomes

Modular R01s in Cancer Control and Population Sciences (R01 Clinical Trial Optional)

Notice of Special Interest: Innovative Approaches or Technologies to Investigate Regional, Structural and Functional Heterogeneity of CNS Small Blood and Lymphatic Vessels in AD/ADRD

New Directions in Hematology Research (SHINE-II) (R01 Clinical Trial Optional)

Epidemiologic Research on Emerging Risk Factors and Liver Cancer Susceptibility (R01 - Clinical Trial Not Allowed)

Modulating Intestinal Microbiota to Enhance Protective Immune Responses against Cancer (R21 Clinical Trial Not Allowed)

Exploratory Grants in Cancer Epidemiology (R21 Clinical Trial Optional)

Notice of Special Interest (NOSI): Use of Biological Information to Understand How the Interplay of Environmental Exposures and Genes Influences Cancer Risk

Co-infection and Cancer (R01 Clinical Trial Not Allowed)

Notice of Special Interest (NOSI): Dissemination and Implementation Science for Cancer Prevention and Control in Low Resource Environments

Notice of Special Interest (NOSI): Single-Cell Proteomics for Interrogating Premalignant and Early Malignant Lesions

Covid-19

Notice of Special Interest (NOSI): Neurological and Neurocognitive Sequelae from SARS-CoV-2 Infection and COVID-19 in Aging and Age-Related Neurodegeneration

Notice of Special Interest: Promoting Research on COVID-19 and Rheumatic, Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases

Notice of Special Interest (NOSI): NIEHS Support for Understanding the Impact of Environmental Exposures on Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)

Microbiome

Advancing Mechanistic Probiotic/Prebiotic and Human Microbiome Research (R01 Clinical Trial Not Allowed)

Big data, bioinformatics, omics approaches

Notice of Special Interest (NOSI): Computational and Statistical Methods to Enhance Discovery from Health Data

Omics-guided Biobehavioral Interventions for Improved Health Outcomes: A Step Forward in Translation (R01 Clinical Trial Optional)

Translational Bioinformatics Approaches to Advance Drug Repositioning and Combination Therapy Development for Alzheimer’s Disease (R01 Clinical Trial Optional)